Apr 01, 2021 although the actual incidence of maternal mortality is relatively unknown in nigeria as majority of these cases are unreported, it is however estimated that nigeria has the second highest record of maternal deaths about 40,000 deaths were recorded only in 2010. In recent years, there has been increased recognition that reducing maternal mortality is not just an issue of development, but also an issue of human rights. Causes of maternal mortality in nigeria by maimuna bintu husaini department of sociology, faculty of social and management science, bayero university, kano, nigeria. Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000. Communitybased strategies to reduce maternal mortality in. Adapted from the march april 2010 global health matters article fogarty grantees employ implementation science to reduce maternal deaths in nigeria. Reducing maternal mortality united nations population.
Although the actual incidence of maternal mortality is relatively unknown in nigeria as majority of these cases are unreported, it is however estimated that nigeria has the second highest record of maternal deaths about 40,000 deaths were recorded only in 2010. Preventing maternal mortality in developing countries an operational research model boniface nwakoby department of community medicine collge of medicine university of nigeria, enugu, nigeria. Awareness and perception of maternal mortality among. The common medical causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in nigeria are largely preventable, and include hemorrhage, infections, eclampsia, and unsafe abortion. Even though the population is growing fast, still, too many children pass away earlier than they become 12 months years old. Till 2010, nigeria is second on maternal universally, childbirth is an event that attracts mortality rate in the world with about 144 girls celebration, but this is not so for many women and women dying every day from complication who experience childbirth as suffering and of pregnancy and child birth. Evidencebased practices to reduce maternal mortality. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc states.
Many interventions have been instituted to reverse the trend and ensure that nigeria is on track to achieve the millennium development goals. Dec 14, 2020 maternal mortality does not include accidental or incidental deaths a mothers death must be related to her pregnancy or a complication of obstetric care to be considered a maternal mortality. Role of antenatal clinics in the prevention against maternal. The national maternal mortality ratio has remained elevated despite efforts to reduce maternal deaths. Maternal mortality, sometimes known as maternal death, remains a major cause of death among women of childbearing age in nigeria and many other countries and remains a serious public health concern particularly in developing nations of the world. Public health to the rescue find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The consequences of maternal morbidity and maternal. Infant mortality in nigeria is still a big problem. In 2008, nigeria bore 14% of the global burden of maternal mortality. Increased level of awareness and perception will reduce maternal mortality rates. In a nigerian village, the expected maternal mortality would be between 6 and 12 per live births, the most common causes of maternal death. Methodology an expost facto research design was adopted to study the relationship of awareness and utilization of.
Trends in maternal mortality at the university of calabar. The prevention of maternal mortality and consequent improvement in the maternal health of nigerian women is an allencompassing task, which though tedious. By comparison, the total number of maternal deaths in 2015 in the 46 most developed countries was 1700, resulting in a maternal mortality ratio of 12 maternal deaths per 100. Feb 11, 2019 background nigeria still ranks second globally in the number of maternal deaths. Pdf html xml role of antenatal clinics in the prevention against maternal mortality due to malaria during pregnancy in damaturu, yobe state, nigeria find, read and cite all the research you need on iarcorsortium. During the 15year period preceding the survey, the estimates indicate that underfive mortality has declined by 30 percent from 190 deaths per 1,000 to 3 per 1,000. Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000 live. Maternal mortality ratio modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births nigeria who, unicef, unfpa, world bank group, and the united nations population division. The paradigm of sri lanka the maternal mortality trend in sri lanka illustrates the different principles of intervention well. Using incentives to reduce maternal mortality in nigeria. This means the country has a lifetime risk of maternal death of 4. While some of the occurrences are predicted during routine prenatal care, most occur spontaneously without warning signs. There are several key reasons why it happens and they are common to many african and other developing countries.
In terms of the maternal mortality ratio, nigeria is ranked eighth in sub saharan africa behind, angola, chad, liberia, niger, rwanda, sierra leone and somalia. Government policy and initiatives on maternal mortality. Factors associated with kno attitude to preventing maternal mortality are discussed. Malaria in nigeria malaria is a major public health problem in deaths than any other country in the world. Maternal mortality refers to the death of woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or. From 1988 to 1996 a network of eleven multidisciplinary teams in west africa. Nigeria s maternal mortality rate exceeds deaths per 100,000 live births and is much higher than the african continent average of 800 deaths per 100,000 live births zozulya 2010. This study employed secondary data in answering the research question. Useful indicators of progress toward improved maternal health status are discussed further in the section titled measures of maternal mortality and morbidity. The remaining 3% of the population live in the malaria free highlands. This high level of maternal mortality is also linked to nigeria s high rate of deaths for children under 5newborns account for a quarter of the underfive deaths which occur in the. Preventable maternal mortality occurs where there is a failure to give effect to the rights of women to health, equality and nondiscrimination. Maternal mortality ratio in nigeria is one of the highest in the world.
In northern nigeria, researchers evaluated the impact of three communitybased interventions designed to enhance uptake of maternal and child health services. As unicef states, nigeria loses 145 women to maternal mortality each day. The etiology of maternal mortality can be categorized as medical, socio. Healthcare ref coupled with socioeconomic improvements and efforts made. The study was aimed at assessing the awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in the reproductive age group at ogunu community in warri south local government area of delta. A few basic defini tions that are useful in the discussion of maternal mortality and. Determinantscauses of maternal mortality in nigeria. Reducing maternal mortality in developing countries givewell. Sociocultural and economic determinants of maternal health. Mens perception of maternal mortality in nigeria jstor. Inspired by these documents and its global commitments, this nigeria every newborn action plan nienap sets forth specific actions necessary to achieve significant mortality and coverage targets by 2030. Maternal mortality has dramatically increased in the united states since the 1980s by over 150%. Levels and determinants of maternal mortality in northern.
For example, if the maternal mortality ratio is about 400 deaths per 100,000 live births, one would have to follow an average population of 500,000 annually for 5 years to observe 400 maternal deaths. Mar 20, 2019 the etiology of maternal mortality can be categorized as medical, socio. Pdf on jun, 2018, ogu rn published prevention of maternal mortality in nigeria. Ghana, nigeria, sierra leone the prevention of maternal mortality pmm. Introduction in the year 2000, the country with the highest estimated number of maternal death is india 6,000 followed by nigeria 37,000 world health organization, 2004. Causes and contributory factors of maternal mortality. Maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity in hospitals in. Maternal and child health interventions in nigeria. This should result in innovative approaches to the prevention of maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Meeting the challenges of measuring and preventing maternal. Currently, nigeria has an estimated maternal mortality ratio of 821 per 100,000 live births. Nigeria still has high prevalence of mortalities reflected in infants and children amongst others 5,6,7. Obstetric labor complications prevention and control. Apr 09, 2015 background poor maternal and child health indicators have been reported in nigeria since the 1990s.
Policy and programs for reducing maternal mortality in enugu state. Maternal mortality rate is still high in adoekiti, therefore the need to embark on a study that will assist policy makers, and those who care to know, in identifying and addressing major determinants of maternal health. Levels and determinants of maternal mortality in northern and. The rate is higher in the rural communities than in the urban. Nov 12, 2019 background maternal mortality is still a major risk for women of childbearing age in nigeria. Severe maternal morbidity smm includes unexpected outcomes of labor and delivery that result in. The development of mnch policies, implementation and publication of interventions corresponds with the downward trend of maternal and child mortality in nigeria. Download pdf bmc pregnancy and childbirth biomed central.
High maternal mortality rates are unevenly distributed across the globe, with the highest concentrations occurring in low and middleincome countries. Reducing maternal deaths in nigeria fogarty international. May 22, 2017 reports from nigeria, subsaharan africa and the world at large have revealed that mortality experiences ranging from neonatal mortality, infant and child mortality to maternal mortality are still high 2,3,4. The consequences of maternal morbidity and maternal mortality. Barriers to safe motherhood in nigeria guttmacher institute. Henry mosley noted that the consequences of maternal mortality are extremely difficult to measure, because it is a relatively rare demographic event. Prevention of maternal mortality in nigeria juniper publishers. Nigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world. Relationship of antenatal care with the prevention of.
Maternal mortality is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days after. Maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity in nigeria maternal and child mortality in africa, especially in nigeria, is one of the highest in the world. The significance of this study lies in its potential to identify what government actions, other organizations, and or social activists contributed to a decrease in maternal mortality in nigeria. Maternal death is defined as a death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any. Factors contributing to maternal mortality in northcentral. In 2015, nigeria s estimated maternal mortality ratio was over 800 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, with approximately 58 000 maternal deaths during that year.
Sociocultural and economic determinants of maternal. Reduction in maternal deaths by 75% in 2015 is a cardinal target of the millennium development goals. The effects of public health spending on maternal mortality. After studying the material in this module, the student should be. International journal of maternal and child health and aids. Sri lanka has successfully reduced its number of maternal deaths over the last decades, even though the country has suffered from a devastating 30year civil war. The study will lend support to markedly reducing maternal mobility and mortality. Maternal mortality in nigeria is one of the highest in the world. Though health disparities exist between the north and south of nigeria, there is a dearth of evidence on the estimates and. Nov 14, 2017 the measured maternal mortality rate is increasing the pregnancyrelated mortality ratio has increased but is now relatively stable disparities are persistent, and some causes of death may be increasing. Maternal mortality, enugu state, needs assessment report, policies and programs. Doc major causes of maternal mortality in nigeria maimuna.
A community action research in bakassi local government area, cross river state, nigeria. Strategies toward ending preventable maternal mortality epmm. Prevalence and determinants of childhood mortality in nigeria. The maternal mortality ratio mmr stands at 576 per 100,000 live births demographic and health survey 20. Prevention of maternal death in a nigerian village.
Predicting and preventing obstetric complications, i. A patient and her child at the katsina specialist hospital in nigeria. Public health to the rescue find, read and cite all the research you. Strategies toward ending preventable maternal mortality. Awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in. Jun 23, 2015 the maternal mortality rate mmr in nigeria was 560 per 100,000 live births in 20. Infant mortality rate in nigeria, causes and prevention. Infant mortality rate in nigeria, causes and prevention legit. Nigeria where it accounts for more cases and there are an estimated 100 million malaria cases maternal mortality. Table 1 maternal mortality ratios over the decade in kano state, northern nigeria, 19901999 year total deliveries total number of maternal deaths mmra per 100 000 95% confidence interval odds ratiob 1990 19117 400 2092 18872297 1. There is no significant relationship between level of utilization of antenatal care services and prevention of maternal mortality in bauchi state.
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